Coin overview
EIGEN
Ended--
Last price (USDT)
171.76K
24h total (USDT)
739.77K
Total vol (USDT)
2024-04-30 09:00:00 ~ 2024-10-01 03:30:00
Trading time (UTC+0)
2024-10-01 09:00:00
Delivery time (UTC+0)
Total supply1.71B
Resources
Introduction
EigenLayer is a protocol built on Ethereum that introduces re-staking, allowing users who have staked $ETH to join the EigenLayer smart contract to re-stake their $ETH and extend cryptoeconomic security to other applications on the network. As a platform, EigenLayer, on one hand, raises assets from LSD asset holders, and on the other hand, uses the raised LSD assets as collateral to provide middleware, side chains, and rollups with AVS (Active Verification Service) needs. The convenient and low-cost AVS service itself provides demand matching services between LSD providers and AVS demanders, while a specialized pledge service provider is responsible for specific pledge security services. EIGEN total supply: 1.67 billion tokens
Franklin Templeton backs $8m round for stablecoin project Cap
Franklin Templeton, a global asset manager with a growing presence in the crypto and blockchain investment market, has backed an $8 million seed round for Cap. The asset manager led the investment round, with Ethereum ( ETH ) based stablecoin project Cap also attracting the participation of multiple leading web3-focused venture capital firms. In details shared via X, Cap said the investment is a crucial step in its mission to offer a decentralized solution to the problem of yield generation in decentralized finance . This milestone involves the deployment of its protocol across “shared security markets” such as EigenLayer and Symbiotic. “Cap is pioneering a first of its kind implementation of shared security markets like EigenLayer and Symbiotic to regulate the activities of financial operators. This allows traditional finance institutions and crypto-native firms to generate yield for users, while not directly exposing those users to the risks of their activities,” the protocol’s team posted on X. Per the Cap protocol team, the project’s solution is available to users looking to tap into shared security marketplaces. This means users can benefit from staked assets on Ethereum. However, Cap’s main focus is the adoption on MegaETH, the layer 2 offering for real-time interaction with opportunities across the ecosystem. It suggests safe and sustainable yield generation, something that could mean allowing for fresh innovation that beats the current yield-bearing stablecoins. By being able to outsource yield generation through its stablecoin engine, Cap enables traction across a whole lot of blockchain applications, including DeFi protocols,real-world asset protocols, and liquid funds. The $8 million seed round will help the stablecoin startup navigate the next phase of its adoption, with this adding to the $1.1 million raised via crowdfunding project Echo. Cap raised its latest financing round with the support of VC firms such as Triton Capital, Flow Traders, GSR and Japanese firm Nomura Group’s Laser Digital.
Franklin Templeton leads seed round into stablecoin startup looking 'outsource' yield generation for users
Franklin Templeton has led an $8 million seed round into Cap, a blockchain startup looking to launch an interest-bearing stablecoin and accompanying lending market. Other investors include prominent financial institutions Susquehanna and Triton Capital as well as crypto natives including Nomura’s Laser Digital and GSR, among others. The funding round follows a $1.1 million community round on the crowdfunding platform Echo, created by Jordan “Cobie” Fish. Previous angel investors in Cap include prominent members of the so-called “MegaETH Mafia,” venture capitalist Spencer Noon, LayerZero founder Bryan Pellegrino, Blockworks founder Jason Yanowitz and investors associated with platforms like EtherFi, Steakhouse Financial and Meteoria. Cap is deploying its core protocol using the “shared security marketplace” EigenLayer, which allows users to reuse the security generated from staked assets across multiple platforms. The solution ultimately settles on Ethereum, but “will focus its growth and usage” on MegaETH, the nascent Ethereum Layer 2 designed as an alternative to the “rollup centric” universe. According to a blog post, Cap’s stablecoin protocol “outsources” yield generation to provide “market-set rates” by tapping into the “restaking market” as well as the returns generated by “operators” of “all different shapes and sizes” including HFT firms, private equity shops, RWA protocols, DeFi protocols, and liquid funds. Minters deposit USDC or USDT to create cUSD, which can then be staked for yield or used as a dollar-pegged asset. Operators, including TradFi institutions and DeFi natives, borrow this capital to execute yield-generating strategies while restakers provide security by delegating locked ETH, earning premiums in return. In other words, Cap will enable institutions like Franklin Templeton to borrow stablecoins from users by providing them interest. The protocol will take a 10% fee on the yield users earn, which will fluctuate with market conditions. Additionally, Cao will require borrowers to take out “loan insurance” to ensure that stablecoin lenders are fully repaid in the event of a default. “Novel opportunities do not come without risk, which is why it is important to understand the risks inherent to CAP,” the team wrote, noting CAP and its users may be exposed to restaking platform risk, potential stablecoin depegs, third-party bridge risks (if moving cUSD off Ethereum) and smart contract risks given that it “does not rely on custodians, regulations, or other human systems to protect users.” Interest-generating stablecoins and dollar-pegged money market funds are a fast-growing sector of the “real-world asset” sector, including the billion-dollar BUIDL fund from BlackRock. U.S. lawmakers, currently pushing forward on stablecoin rules, appear to disfavor yield-bearing assets and may look to block them in the country via legislation.
How does MegaETH unlock Web2 performance to achieve millisecond-level response times?
Original Article Title: Web2 Performance Parity Unlocked: The MegaETH Approach Original Article Author: @deelabsxyz, web3 Research Institution Original Article Translation: zhouzhou, BlockBeats Editor's Note: This article introduces the scalability of the MegaETH ecosystem and its future potential. It highlights MegaETH's ultra-high performance, promising 100,000 TPS and low latency to accommodate DeFi, gaming, and other high-demand applications. The article also discusses the comparison with Visa and high-frequency trading, analyzing the challenges and opportunities of blockchain's future needs. Through its unique architecture and mainnet plan, MegaETH could be a breakthrough in blockchain scalability, especially in addressing existing performance bottlenecks. The following is the original content (slightly reorganized for better readability): Introduction If you've ever played online games like "Call of Duty," you know that millisecond-level latency can determine victory or defeat. Imagine being the last survivor on your team, with only one enemy left on the other side. Adrenaline rushing, you aim for a headshot at a crucial moment, but in an instant, the situation reverses — you are defeated by the opponent. This is not a matter of luck but because the opponent's network latency is lower than yours. Now, in a different scenario, suppose you are a high-frequency trader, with the system analyzing market data in real-time. Suddenly, a tech giant announces better-than-expected quarterly earnings, and the stock price surges rapidly. Your algorithm instantly captures the trend, and in less than a second, the price has risen by 2%. You quickly close your position to lock in profits. What do these two examples have in common? They both belong to Web2's real-time applications, whether in gaming or trading, requiring millisecond-level response times. Web2 achieves high-speed data flow through a centralized server architecture, where information runs "synchronously" between devices and servers with almost no latency. So, can blockchain achieve the same level of performance? Decentralized systems have always faced a core bottleneck: slow block times, the need for node consensus, leading to inherent delays and computational overhead. Especially in environments like the Ethereum Virtual Machine, transaction processing efficiency is often limited. These issues significantly impact the user experience of Web3 applications, making it difficult to compete with Web2 in terms of speed and latency — at least until recently. Scalability Bottleneck To address issues such as low throughput and slow transaction processing speed, Layer 2 scaling solutions have emerged. Layer 2 solutions like Optimism, Arbitrum, and Base aim to significantly improve the network's efficiency and scalability by moving a large amount of computation and transaction processing off L1 (Ethereum mainnet). In Layer 2 solutions, transactions submitted by users first enter L2's centralized sequencer. The sequencer is responsible for collecting, ordering, and packaging transactions, then executing the transactions and updating L2's state. Subsequently, L2 submits the compressed transaction data to L1 to ensure security and for final confirmation. Only after L1 validation is completed will the L2 state be updated, and the transactions will be considered finally confirmed. Although Layer 2 solutions have enhanced Ethereum's scalability, there is still a delay in transaction finality. This is because Rollups rely on the security of the Ethereum mainnet and require regular submission of commitments (such as fraud proofs or validity proofs) to maintain trust. These processes mean that transactions must wait for mainnet confirmation to be finally settled, introducing additional latency. Take Optimistic Rollups, for example; they have a challenge period of up to 7 days to resolve transaction accuracy disputes, significantly slowing down the final confirmation speed of transactions. While zk Rollups speed up settlement through validity proofs, this also significantly increases the computational cost. Even centralized Layer 2 solutions cannot completely break away from these security mechanisms tied to L1 without affecting decentralization and security. Furthermore, Layer 2 solutions often operate in isolation, leading to fragmented liquidity and increased complexity in inter-chain interactions. When moving between different Rollups or back to the main chain from L2, cross-chain bridges are required, introducing additional costs, delays, new trust assumptions, and security risks. The end result? The total transaction processing capacity of all Layer 2 solutions is only about 270 transactions per second, far below the performance standards of Web2 and still inadequate to meet the demands of large-scale applications. Solving the Scalability Issue In addition to Layer 2 solutions, Ethereum proposed a new approach to improving the consensus mechanism in September 2023—SSF (Single-Slot Finality). This scheme combines BLS (Boneh-Lynn-Shacham) signatures and Supercommittees to achieve a 75x speedup in final confirmation, reducing transaction confirmation time from the current 15 minutes to a single 12-second slot. To understand the core mechanism of this solution, we can break down its key components. BLS Signature A BLS signature is a cryptographic technique that can aggregate multiple signatures into a single compact signature. Specifically, each validator will sign the block, and then all signatures will be aggregated into one overall signature. The efficiency gains of this mechanism are tremendous: validators do not need to process millions of signatures individually but can instead complete consensus validation in one go. Thanks to this aggregation method, even a validator network of 1 million nodes can complete signature processing within a standard 12-second slot. Supercommittees SSF does not require all validators to vote on each block but instead employs a supercommittee mechanism. In each 12-second slot, a small subset of validators is randomly selected to vote. For example, out of 1 million validators, only around 125,000 may be chosen as supercommittee members for that slot to vote and confirm the current block. This approach significantly reduces network overhead: the amount of data to be transmitted and processed decreases, the voting and signature aggregation process becomes faster and more efficient, and system security and reliability remain unaffected. Through the efficient aggregation of BLS signatures and the voting optimization of supercommittees, SSF has achieved a significant performance improvement, bringing Ethereum closer to the transaction confirmation speed of Web2. While SSF offers a theoretical breakthrough, its architecture is currently too complex to be practically deployed. Ethereum's current computing power and speed are not sufficient to support the implementation of this solution. However, an alternative solution for high-performance blockchains is emerging—MegaETH (@megaeth_labs). MegaETH has adopted a new strategy aimed at breaking through scalability bottlenecks. This article will delve into MegaETH and assess whether it can become a viable solution to address blockchain performance issues. MegaETH: Redefining L2 Design MegaETH has completely disrupted traditional L2 design, built specifically for extreme performance, aiming to achieve sub-10ms block times and over 100,000 TPS, enabling blockchain applications to have speed comparable to centralized systems for the first time. Why Does the Blockchain Ecosystem Still Need New L2 Solutions? The reason is that, despite the numerous innovations brought by existing L2 solutions, such as new lending models, they still lag far behind centralized systems in terms of data processing speed. The technological breakthrough of MegaETH will significantly improve blockchain performance, making it a true alternative to centralized systems and prompting people to rethink the potential of decentralization in more complex application scenarios. Architecture Overview Unlike traditional L2 solutions that rely on a single centralized sequencer to manage transaction sequencing, MegaETH has adopted a set of specialized node architecture to maximize system efficiency. The current MegaETH architecture consists of four core roles: · Sequencers · Provers · Full Nodes · Replica Nodes Sequencers In the MegaETH system, sequencers are core nodes responsible for receiving, sequencing, and processing user transactions. · High-Performance Hardware Support: MegaETH's sequencers run on high-performance servers with multi-core processors and large memory capacity, avoiding the latency caused by traditional L2's reliance on SSDs or other storage devices. · Optimized State Trie: Using efficient memory and I/O design, it can manage data at the TB level even under memory constraints, avoiding additional I/O overhead. Compared to traditional disk storage-based solutions, this design improves state access speed by 1000 times. · Parallel Processing: Leveraging multi-core CPUs, each core can independently perform tasks, supporting parallel processing of EVM transactions and compressing block processing time to less than 10 milliseconds, comparable to the latency level of online multiplayer games. Summary: More CPU cores → Higher parallelism → Faster transaction processing speed. When users send transactions to the MegaETH network, sequencers are responsible for determining transaction execution order and completing processing. After transaction execution, sequencers generate blocks containing transaction data and state changes (i.e., state diffs) and send this information to replica nodes or full nodes for synchronization among different types of users. Full Nodes In MegaETH, Full Nodes play a role similar to traditional blockchains, storing the entire blockchain state and re-executing every transaction provided by the orderer to ensure ledger consistency. Additionally, Full Nodes also utilize zero-knowledge proofs to perform additional block validation. The zk proof, generated by Prover Nodes, ensures transaction correctness, enhancing security and data integrity. Replica Nodes Unlike Full Nodes, Replica Nodes do not store the full blockchain state or re-execute transactions. Instead, they rely entirely on zero-knowledge proofs provided by Prover Nodes. · Replica Nodes receive state delta data from the orderer via a peer-to-peer network and apply it directly to their local state replica to stay in sync with the network. · They indirectly confirm block correctness without processing transactions, significantly reducing computational costs and improving synchronization efficiency. This architecture allows MegaETH to support a more lightweight node deployment, increase decentralization, and maintain network efficiency. Prover Nodes In traditional blockchains, nodes need to store the complete state (e.g., account balances) and validate transactions to ensure correctness. MegaETH employs stateless validation where Prover Nodes do not need to store the full state. Instead, they rely on zk proofs and state delta data provided by the orderer to validate transactions. This significantly reduces storage requirements and improves block confirmation efficiency. EigenDA: Decentralized Data Availability Layer MegaETH uses EigenDA as a decentralized data availability storage layer to ensure all transaction-related data is always available for any node in the network to verify or recover. Data Blobs: MegaETH's orderer compresses transaction history into data blobs, which are further divided into smaller data fragments for easier storage and distribution. Data Distribution: These data fragments are assigned to EigenDA operators, nodes that stake ETH in the EigenLayer to secure the network. These operators are responsible for storing the data and providing data retrieval services when needed. Data Recovery and Verification: Any user or node that needs to validate MegaETH transaction data can obtain the relevant data from EigenDA operators to ensure the integrity of the blockchain. On March 21, 2024, the MegaETH public testnet was officially launched, demonstrating an impressive performance of 20,000 TPS while maintaining a block time of only 10 milliseconds, significantly outperforming existing blockchain systems. This carefully designed multi-layer architecture, combined with EigenDA's data storage capabilities, brings MegaETH closer to its true real-time blockchain performance goals. MegaETH Architecture Workflow In the MegaETH network, the process from the sorter to final transaction confirmation goes through multiple stages, with each component carrying specific responsibilities to ensure the efficient operation of the blockchain. 1. Sorter processes transactions and generates blocks The sorter plays a crucial role in the MegaETH ecosystem, responsible for the following tasks: · Receiving user transactions and determining their order. · Processing transactions, executing EVM computations, and updating the blockchain state. · Creating blocks, which include: State transition data: Changes in state after transaction execution, such as account balance updates. Cryptographic proof: Used to verify the correctness of state transitions. 2. Provers validate blocks Upon receiving a block, provers perform the following steps: · Receive and parse the block, extract transactions, state transition data, and cryptographic proof. · Run cryptographic algorithms to check the proof, validate if transactions comply with MegaETH rules, ensuring: State transition data has not been tampered with. State transition data aligns with transaction logic. The proof itself is cryptographically valid. · Confirm the block: Once a sufficient number of provers complete validation, the block is considered finally confirmed and the confirmation data is broadcasted to the entire network. Key Optimization Points: · Validators do not need to store the full state; they only need to verify the cryptographic proof provided by the sequencer, reducing storage requirements and computational costs. · Validation is faster than recomputation because validators only need to check the cryptographic proof rather than perform all transaction computations. · Blocks can be processed in parallel regardless of the order in which they were created. For example, a validator can first validate the 10th block and then the 5th block, as long as they have the corresponding state transition data and cryptographic proof. 3. Ensure Data Propagation to the Entire Network Once a block is validated by a sufficient number of validators: · Its confirmation data is sent to full nodes and archival nodes within the MegaETH network. · Full nodes store the complete blockchain state and re-execute transactions for final confirmation. · Archival nodes rely on the results from validators, directly applying state transition data to stay synchronized. · The finally confirmed block is formally added to the MegaETH main chain. This architecture allows MegaETH to maintain high performance and decentralization, optimize computational and storage requirements, and provide a fresh perspective on blockchain scalability. Since MegaETH processes transactions outside the main Ethereum network, it must ensure that transaction data is publicly visible to all network participants to ensure data accuracy and uphold the decentralization principle. This is akin to providing proof of operation for the entire ecosystem. In MegaETH, these correctness proofs include block data that meticulously records completed transactions and their impact on the blockchain state. Why Does MegaETH Adopt Two Types of Nodes? Most nodes in the MegaETH network are archival nodes, primarily catering to application developers and infrastructure providers. They are optimized to support frontend applications, reduce hardware requirements, enhance user experience, and enable more people to participate. At the same time, full nodes remain crucial, serving advanced users such as bridge operators and liquidity providers who prefer independently validated data. Compared to archival nodes, full nodes require higher hardware specifications to stay in sync with the sequencer. Product Strategy MegaETH is currently not yet released on the mainnet, so widespread adoption has not been achieved, but it has already attracted community attention and support. Today, MegaETH has become one of the most talked-about projects in the industry. The team has put in tremendous effort and achieved significant success in building trust and visibility. Here are the key strategies behind their success. Attracting Top Investors The team successfully completed a seed funding round, raising $20 million, with investors including Dragonfly, Robot Ventures, Vitalik Buterin, and other well-known institutions and individual investors. MegaETH's association with Vitalik Buterin has made it a technically ambitious project and aligned with Ethereum's long-term vision, naturally attracting the Ethereum community's attention. This has not only enhanced the project's reputation but also laid a solid foundation for its future development. Community-Driven Fundraising Strategy MegaETH conducted a public sale on the Echo platform. Echo is a platform designed specifically to attract angel investments, allowing investors to team up and collectively support early-stage promising crypto projects. Ultimately, MegaETH raised $10 million in less than three minutes, becoming the fastest project to secure funding on Echo since its beta launch. The highlight of this round of funding lies in the composition of participants. MegaETH did not follow the traditional VC approach of seeking high valuation investments from venture capital firms but redesigned the process to give community members an equal opportunity to invest alongside large institutional investors. This strategy proved highly successful, attracting a total of 3200 new investors, with an average investment of $3000 per person. This not only raised funds but also built a broad and highly engaged supporter base. Largest Transaction on the Echo Platform (MegaETH Ranked First) This funding structure combined equity with token options, ensuring participants' long-term interests, similar to MegaLabs' $20 million seed funding round completed in June of this year. The valuations of both rounds of funding exceed $1 billion. This model not only helped MegaETH gain genuine community support, but also enabled the community to be deeply involved in ecosystem development from the beginning, forming a clear and sustainable incentive mechanism to ensure long-term user engagement. Fluffle NFT Series MegaETH further strengthened its community-oriented strategy by launching the Fluffle series NFT—consisting of 10,000 unique soulbound NFTs (non-transferable), each valued at 1 ETH. The uniqueness of this series lies in representing at least 5% of the MegaETH network share, with this proportion set to increase as the project progresses. This mechanism not only promotes long-term engagement but also enhances community loyalty. The first batch of 5,000 NFTs specifically rewards early supporters who contributed to the MegaETH ecosystem, such as driving core protocol development or building the local community. Prior to the official minting launch, 80,000 eligible addresses have been whitelisted. The second batch of 5,000 NFTs will be released in a few months, aiming to incentivize those who continue to enhance the MegaETH ecosystem through social interaction and on-chain contributions, allowing them the same participation opportunities. Mega Mafia Accelerator MegaETH had long realized that mere financial investment does not guarantee community loyalty. Therefore, the team not only provided funding support to developers but also launched the Mega Mafia Accelerator program. This program aims to support projects that can promote blockchain ecosystem development, incentivizing new ideas and technological advancements. Selected teams not only receive resource support but also collaborate closely with the core team and advisors, participating in offline events and industry summits together. Currently, the total funding raised by projects incubated under the Mega Mafia program has exceeded that of MegaETH itself, and the program is actively supporting 15 teams (full list available in official information). In addition, MegaETH is building an ecosystem beyond the accelerator itself. Ecosystem Overview Through a precise and well-thought-out strategy, MegaETH has successfully attracted multiple high-quality projects. Its ecosystem spans various fields, including trading platforms, DeFi solutions, games, entertainment, and more. The ecosystem was launched in early 2023 and continued to expand in 2024. By the end of 2024, with the introduction of the Mega Mafia Builder program, the first batch of projects started to land. Today, the MegaETH ecosystem has gathered more than 45 active teams and is growing steadily. The MegaETH ecosystem is currently mainly composed of projects in the DeFi and entertainment sectors, including gaming and NFT projects. Projects in these sectors involve high-performance applications that require robust bandwidth and low latency, which are precisely MegaETH's strengths. While DeFi remains the most popular sector in the crypto industry, with the most applications and serving as the economic core of various ecosystems, the situation is different for the gaming industry. As a comparison, we can look at the Arbitrum ecosystem. It includes over 1,000 projects and is one of the most well-known and widely used L2 solutions on Ethereum today. In the Arbitrum ecosystem, DeFi projects have become the focus, with approximately 440 projects, while infrastructure projects (including tools) account for about 318 projects, totaling around 72% of the ecosystem. This highlights its cost-effective approach. Entertainment projects, such as games and NFTs, only make up 14%, a lower percentage that also has its rationale. The rise of GameFi began in 2021, but just one year later, the market experienced a significant slump. The main reason for this collapse was the disappointing user experience: the quality of games lagged far behind projects from the Web2 era. Players often complained about poor immersion, sluggish performance, and unresponsive gameplay, and the introduction of L2 solutions failed to reverse the situation. Ecosystem Projects' Uniqueness Due to MegaETH's unique architecture, it provides a foundation for equally unique projects. To better understand this, let's take a deeper look at a few representative projects selected for their widespread recognition and unique architectural design. GTE GTE (@GTE_XYZ) is a decentralized trading platform designed to enhance existing DEXes by combining the characteristics of centralized exchanges (CEX) and decentralized exchanges. GTE focuses on reducing transaction latency, providing fast and efficient trading comparable to CEX, while still adhering to the core principles of decentralized exchanges—user asset control, transparency, and enhanced security. The platform provides a comprehensive solution by integrating the entire trading cycle into one ecosystem—from token creation to supporting spot and margin trading. This allows users to handle all transaction-related tasks without switching between different services. To achieve fast transactions, GTE has chosen MegaETH as its foundation, which not only processes transactions quickly but also significantly reduces gas costs, making trading on GTE more cost-effective than on most other DEXs. Pump Party Pump Party (@pumppartyapp) is a decentralized application aimed at creating an interactive real-time game show experience. Users can participate in live mini-games and compete for token rewards. The platform operates as follows: Users register via email or social media, view the show schedule, and join the live broadcast. During the broadcast, the host conducts games in which users can participate. At the end of the game, the system selects a winner based on the user with the highest score, and the token rewards are automatically added to their account. The project positions itself as a "crypto app for the masses," meaning it is primarily targeted at those unfamiliar with blockchain technology. In a sense, it has the potential to become a blockchain version of "Twitch." Teko Finance Teko (@tekofinance) is a lending protocol that claims to be the first to offer real-time low collateral loans. Its main goal is to overcome the limitations of traditional on-chain lending, such as high collateral requirements and performance bottlenecks, elevating lending services to near traditional financial levels. Users deposit assets into the protocol as collateral, and the protocol assesses the assets' liquidity and volatility through a built-in oracle. Based on the assessment, users receive a loan in the form of tokens, which may have a value lower than the collateral as the protocol includes risk management mechanisms. These tokens can be used within the ecosystem, repaid with interest, with the interest dynamically adjusted based on market conditions. By integrating with MegaETH and utilizing the built-in oracle, Teko dynamically updates asset prices and market conditions in real time. This ensures accurate risk assessment and enables the protocol to adapt to market changes instantly. Therefore, Teko stands out among other lending protocols, becoming a competitive choice. Future Outlook Looking ahead, one thing is clear: the ecosystem will further expand, attracting many new applications. Their stability and feasibility will test whether people and applications truly need 100,000 TPS (transactions per second). For example, Visa's peak transaction processing capability reaches 56,000 TPS, handling transactions for millions of users worldwide, which has been working well. Now, imagine if there are 1 billion devices, each conducting a transaction every 10 seconds, totaling 100,000 TPS. However, not all devices will be operating simultaneously, alleviating the system's burden. Meanwhile, the GameFi market is likely to find new vitality, breaking through the current barriers faced by blockchain. Consider an RPG game on the blockchain, with 20,000 players online simultaneously: every explosion, item purchase, or shot is considered a transaction. Multiply that by thousands of simultaneous actions, and the result could be substantial, even surpassing 100,000 TPS. Now, look at high-frequency trading (HFT), a trading strategy that relies on executing thousands or even millions of small transactions within a fraction of a second. In HFT, speed is crucial: traders who confirm transactions faster can seize the best market positions, leaving competitors behind. If this speed can be brought to the blockchain, it would be a true breakthrough, propelling the entire industry to new heights. The reality of these scenarios will become clear by the end of 2025 when the MegaETH mainnet launches, providing an opportunity to validate these ideas. Conclusion Many teams have attempted to create high-performance blockchains, but few have succeeded. Currently, all Ethereum Rollup solutions combined handle about 200-300 TPS, with little evidence of demand for higher capacity. MegaETH has proposed an attractive scaling solution, promising to deliver 100,000+ TPS and sub-10-millisecond block times. This could be the ultimate scaling breakthrough. However, we must remain patient and observe whether such massive blockchain processing power is truly needed and whether MegaETH's user acquisition strategy proves effective. With the mainnet scheduled to launch by the end of 2025, MegaETH has a significant opportunity to prove its potential. We will soon find out whether it can deliver on its promises, spark user interest, and possibly even bridge the performance gap between Web2 and Web3. 「Original Article Link」
TVP Report: Pre-Seed Bitcoin Startup Investments Surge 767% Since 2021
Early-stage investment in Bitcoin-native startups saw a significant surge in 2024, underscoring the rapid expansion of a once-niche sector, according to a recent report by Trammell Venture Partners (TVP). Despite a 22.1% drop in total capital raised across the broader market, the number of Bitcoin startup deals grew by nearly 32%, with pre-seed investments alone increasing by 50%. TVP defines “Bitcoin-native” companies as those built around Bitcoin’s monetary principles and protocol stack, developing products that leverage its growth and utility. Unlike broader crypto ventures that span multiple blockchain networks, these startups focus entirely on Bitcoin, embedding themselves deeply within its ecosystem to drive its adoption and development. The report highlights that in 2024, the volume of Bitcoin-native pre-seed deals was more than seven times higher than in 2021, signalling a sharp rise in new startups and innovation within the sector. This momentum was reflected in seed and Series A funding rounds, which saw deal volumes rise by 30% and 60%, respectively, year-over-year. Although the overall capital raised declined, the continued increase in deal count and new company formation indicates growing confidence in Bitcoin-native startups. TVP emphasizes that four consecutive years of growth signal that these companies could soon capture a more significant portion of crypto venture funding. Further bolstering this momentum is the growing institutional support for Bitcoin-native startups. The report noted that in 2024, firms like Founders Fund, Ribbit Capital, Y Combinator, and Valor Equity Partners participated in funding rounds, signalling rising confidence in business models built around Bitcoin’s protocol layers. Despite Bitcoin representing over half of the crypto market’s total value, it accounted for just 2.3% of venture funding last year. TVP views this imbalance as an opportunity for Bitcoin’s ecosystem to expand beyond its traditional mining and asset-holding roles, opening doors for further growth and investment. A related report by Lattice Fund found that more than 80% of crypto startups funded in 2022 remain operational despite market downturns. Of the 1,200 startups that raised $5 billion, 76% launched a mainnet product, while 18.5% have ceased operations. Among the success stories, Ethereum re-staking protocol Eigenlayer stood out, though only 1.5% of startups reached Product Market Fit, and 12% secured additional funding. If you want to read more news articles like this, visit DeFi Planet and follow us on Twitter , LinkedIn , Facebook , Instagram , and CoinMarketCap Community . “Take control of your crypto portfolio with MARKETS PRO, DeFi Planet’s suite of analytics tools.”
EigenLayer to go live with Slashing mechanism on 17 April
EigenLayer has posted on the X platform that it intends to go live on 17 April with its mainnet Slashing mechanism, which allows the AVS to set conditions that operators must comply with, and to penalise or reward operators for failing to meet these requirements.Slashing will be implemented in phases, and it will be up to operators and pledgees to choose whether or not to accept the Slashing standard. Slashing will be implemented in phases and operators and pledgees will need to choose whether to accept the Slashing standard.
EigenLayer introduces slashing for Ethereum restakers in April
EigenLayer (CRYPTO:EIGEN), the Ethereum-based (CRYPTO:ETH) restaking protocol, is set to implement slashing for restakers starting April 17, marking a major milestone in its development. This introduces a security mechanism designed to penalise node operators and restakers for poor performance or malicious behavior, enhancing the protocol’s reliability. The slashing mechanism will be gradually rolled out, with users able to voluntarily opt into it. EigenLayer explained that if operators fail to meet performance conditions, they may be penalised by the Actively Validated Services (AVS), whereas successful operators can receive rewards. Launched in 2023, EigenLayer allows Ethereum stakers to reuse their staked Ether (ETH) as collateral to secure third-party protocols like AVSs, expanding Ethereum's security without requiring separate validator networks. The addition of slashing aims to bolster security and incentivise reliable service. With over 30 AVSs live and more under development, EigenLayer is growing in the crypto ecosystem. These services include EigenDA, a data availability service, and ARPA Network, which offers trustless randomisation. The protocol also launched its native token, EIGEN, in October 2024, to further secure consensus-based systems. Despite its advancements, some critics, including Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin, have raised concerns about the potential risks of restaking, particularly its impact on Ethereum’s security principles and the potential for centralisation. Others worry that yield-driven behavior might compromise network integrity. EigenLayer's founder, Sreeram Kannan, emphasised the protocol's initial focus on onboarding crypto-native applications like decentralised finance (DeFi) and gaming, with plans to eventually target broader consumer markets. At the time of reporting, the Eigenlayer (EIGEN) price was $0.8237, and the Ethereum (ETH) price was $1,800.25.
The whales (or institutions) who bought EIGEN last year lost more than $22.42 million in May
last year, he made a big purchase of EIGEN's whale (or institution), losing more than $22.42 million in May. He first spent $32.45 million to buy EIGEN at a high point, losing $17.19 million. After that, he bought HYPE with some of the positions, also taking over at the highest point and losing $5.21 million. The $32.45 million in October last year is now only worth $10.03 million, losing $22.42 million (-69%) in 5 months.
A certain whale bought EIGEN and HYPE tokens at a high point, now suffering a loss of 22.42 million US dollars
According to on-chain analyst Yu Jing, a certain whale has lost 22.42 million (-69%) from October last year to now. Their operations are as follows: -Firstly, in October last year, they used 21 addresses to purchase 8.917 million EIGEN for $32.45 million at an average price of $3.64 per unit; -At the end of December, 2.417 million EIGEN were sold at an average price of $3.77 and exchanged for 9.12 million USDC. Then, when HYPE was at its highest point, it bought 295 thousand HYPE coins at $30.9 each; now that the price of HYPE is only $13, there's a floating loss of $5.21 million on HYPE. -In recent days, this whale has also cut losses by selling 2.862 million EIGEN at $1.068 each in exchange for 31.6 WBTC ($3.05 million). The whale's $32.45 million from last October has now turned into 295,000 HYPE ($3.9 million), 3,638,000 EIGEN ($3.08 million), and 36.1 WBTC ($3.05 million). The total value is $10.03 million.
Sam Green's Cambrian Secures $5.9M to Revolutionize AI-Powered Finance
The company, led by a16z’s CSX accelerator program, has successfully raised $5.9 million in a seed round, establishing itself as a major player in the rapidly changing world of AI-driven financial agents. Green, an experienced professional in AI and cryptography, has always been a pioneer in innovation. Prior to founding Cambrian, he was a co-founder of Semiotic Labs, a core developer team for The Graph, and contributed to Odos, a major liquidity aggregator that has enabled billions in trading volume. With a PhD in reinforcement learning, his expertise has positioned him as a leader in constructing the necessary infrastructure for AI agents to function in high-stakes financial environments. Cambrian's goal is to equip financial agents with hyperaware intelligence by combining on-chain and off-chain data. Its technology guarantees that AI models can handle large amounts of verified financial information, allowing for precise, risk-aware decision-making. Supported by Stanford's Blockchain Builders Fund and notable angels from The Graph ecosystem, Cambrian is poised to redefine how AI interacts with financial markets. Participation in a16z's accelerator is a significant milestone for Cambrian as it prepares to launch its testnet and mainnet. Green's leadership and profound understanding of AI-driven finance have already attracted key partnerships, including collaborations with EigenLayer and Virtuals. Cambrian's initial AI agent, Deep42, is already providing high-quality DeFi insights, demonstrating the practical applications of its data solutions. Green envisions a future where AI agents operate with unparalleled financial intelligence, bridging the gap between data and decision-making. With this funding, Cambrian is ready to lead the agentic finance revolution, empowering AI to navigate complex markets with certainty and efficiency. The original article was published on Coindoo.
Top Token Unlocks This Week: OP, SUI, DYDX, EIGEN, And More
Token unlocks play a crucial role in shaping the price movements and market sentiment of cryptocurrencies. As new tokens enter circulation, they can impact liquidity, investor confidence, and overall market trends. In the coming days, several major projects, including Optimism (OP), Sui (SUI), dYdX (DYDX), EigenLayer (EIGEN), IOTA (IOTA), and Ethena (ENA), are set to unlock millions of tokens. This article breaks down the key details of these unlocks, their potential impact, and what traders should expect in terms of price action and market trends. OP According to CoinMarketCap, Optimism is trading at $0.7842 at press time and has a market capitalization of $1.27B. Its trading volume has dipped by 26.88% in the last 24 hours, reaching $92.74M, and in the past week, its price has decreased by 8.75%. OP has a circulation supply of 1.62B OP, and on March 31, 2025, the coin is expected to release an additional 31.34M OP, which is about 1.93% of the Cir. supply and worth $24.58M. Source: TradingView The Relative Strength Index is at 37.91, which is near the oversold territory of 30 and indicates an increasing selling pressure. The Moving Average Convergence Divergence line at -0.043 is above the signal line at -0.049, which points to a bullish momentum. But, the narrowing gap between the lines and the declining positive histogram bars suggest a possibility for a bearish breakout. SUI At the time of publication, SUI had a price of $2.32, an increase of 1.64% in the last seven days. It had a market cap of $7.36B and a 24-hour volume of $860.09M. Sui has a circulating supply of 3.16B SUI and a total supply of 10B SUI. The coin is expected to unlock 64.19M SUI (2.03% of Cir.supply), worth $147.65M on 1 April 2025. Source: TradingView The MACD is above the signal line, which indicates a bullish momentum but the weakening of the positive histogram represents a possibility of a reversal. The RSI has a value of 44.01 which represents a bearish trend and based on the chart, the RSI value is likely to decline further due to increasing selling pressure. Related: Top 5 AI Tokens: Dev Powering Future Growth? DYDX At the time of writing, the coin is trading at $0.6446 and has a market cap of $490.99M. DYDX 24-hour volume has declined by 21.79%, to $13.4M and has a circulation supply of 762.03M. On April 1, 2025, the coin will unlock 8.33M DYDX, which is about 1.09% of Cir. supply and worth $5.41M. Source: TradingView Technical indicators like RSI and MACD represent bearish momentum for the coin. The RSI value had declined from the neutral territory of 50 to the current value of 43.26, indicating rising selling pressure. Despite the MACD line above the signal line the reducing positive histograms and the narrowing gap between the lines suggest a bearish breakout is possible. EIGEN EigenLayer is trading at a price of $0.9242, declining 10.18% in the last 24 hours. Its volume is at $35.43M, a decrease of 18.52%, and has a market cap of $217.17M. The coin has a total supply of 1.71B EIGEN and a circulating supply of 234.97M EIGEN. About 1.29M EIGEN (0.53% of Cir. supply), worth $1.21M will be unlocked on 1 April 2025. Source: TradingView The Relative Strength Index (RSI) is currently at 30.21, indicating that the coin is in oversold territory. There is a possibility for further decline into deeper oversold levels before any potential rebound above this zone. The Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) line stands at -0.119, slightly above the signal line at -0.127, which suggests a bullish outlook. However, the histogram points to a potential bearish breakout if selling pressure does not decline. IOTA IOTA is trading at $0.1728 and has a market cap of $637.42M at press time. The coin’s price has dipped by 5.79% in the last 7 days, and its trading volume has also declined by 17.32% in the last 24 hours, reaching $21.32M. IOTA has a circulating supply of 3.68B IOTA and will unlock an additional supply of 15.16M IOTA (0.41% of Cir. supply) worth $2.65M on 2 April 2025. Source: TradingView The RSI and MACD indicators suggest a short-term bearish momentum for the coin. The RSI value of 40.47 points to increasing selling pressure, while the narrowing gap between the MACD and the signal line, along with the declining positive histogram, indicates weakening bullish momentum. ENA Ethena is trading at $0.3718, an increase of 4.28% over the past week, at the time of publication. It has a circulating supply of 5.28B ENA and a 24-hour volume of $111.32M. On April 2, 2025, Ethena will unlock 40.63M ENA, which corresponds to 0.77% of Cir. supply and is worth $14.76M. Source: TradingView The MACD line is currently trading above the signal line, indicating bullish momentum. The RSI stands at 45.37, hovering near the neutral territory of 50. If buying pressure increases, it could push the RSI higher, potentially signaling further upward movement and strengthening the bullish trend. Related: Top 5 Game Coins: Building & Booming! Next Target? Conclusion With upcoming token unlocks, Optimism (OP), Sui (SUI), dYdX (DYDX), EigenLayer (EIGEN), IOTA (IOTA), and Ethena (ENA) could see shifts in market dynamics. Increased supply may lead to short-term volatility, but long-term trends will depend on demand and investor sentiment. Technical indicators like RSI and MACD suggest varying momentum across these assets, highlighting the need for careful analysis. As the market reacts, staying informed on price action and project updates will be key to making strategic investment decisions. The post Top Token Unlocks This Week: OP, SUI, DYDX, EIGEN, And More appeared first on Cryptotale.
Inside the Story of Amadeo Brands and His DeFi Consistency
Amadeo Brands consistently contributes to DeFi by building, educating, and criticizing hype-driven trends in the space. Through YieldNest and community outreach, Amadeo promotes functional DeFi with real strategies and honest conversations. Before Amadeo Brands became a household figure in the space of decentralized finance, or DeFi, he was a young man with a strong interest in computers and economics. A combination that, on second thought, seems to be the perfect formula for the crypto age. Amadeo’s journey, nevertheless, was not as easy. Born and raised in the Netherlands, Amadeo is not someone who suddenly appeared in the midst of the crypto craze like magic. He started his career from the bottom, becoming part of the first crypto hedge fund in his country. This step not only marked his early involvement in the world of digital assets but also showed how he was able to combine a technical background and an understanding of economics in one harmonious movement. At a time when many people were still confused about the difference between Bitcoin and blockchain, Amadeo had already invested more deeply — in terms of time and mind. Restaking Without Limits: Amadeo Brands’ Vision for YieldNest But Amadeo’s journey did not stop at being an early investor. He went further. One of his major achievements was founding YieldNest, a restaking protocol that harnesses the potential of Ethereum and EigenLayer. In simple terms, YieldNest allows people to still benefit from staking without losing flexibility over their assets. This concept can be likened to renting an apartment but still being able to go home at any time without having to wait for the contract to expire. And it turns out, such an idea is much needed in the fast-paced world of DeFi. Interestingly, Amadeo is not only the CEO and co-founder of this project. He is really involved in the design of the token mechanism, how staking works, and the launch strategy. On the other hand, his skills in building tokenomics strategies are also widely used by other altcoin projects that want to stay relevant in a volatile market. Teaching, Writing, and Podcasting: Amadeo Does It All Furthermore, Amadeo does not keep all that knowledge to himself. He chose a path that not all founders take: becoming an educator. He is a co-instructor in the “Master DeFi” course, which teaches everything from staking and yield farming to how to assess risk in DeFi . However, education is not limited to online courses. Amadeo also contributes opinion pieces and analysis to cryptocurrency media, including his thoughts on the emerging restaking protocol. He highlights not only the potential benefits but also the risks associated with it, which is an unusual perspective in the midst of the FOMO and hype narrative. If that’s not enough, Amadeo also has his own podcast called “ON DeFi,” which dissects various topics ranging from social tokens and NFTs to technical discussions of staking and smart contract risks. For some, this may sound too technical. But for those who want to really understand this world, Amadeo is one of the clearest voices amid the noise of hype. Where Thought Leadership Meets Twitter Threads Outside of all his official roles, Amadeo is still active in sharing via social media. His Twitter account is filled with updates on the YieldNest project, sharp comments on the development of DeFi protocols, and the occasional lighthearted meme that shows his human side. He doesn’t hesitate to criticize trends that he thinks only rely on buzzwords without a clear direction. In a recent tweet, he wrote, “If DeFi is just a copy-paste of old projects but gives it a new name, we won’t progress.” A fitting sarcasm, especially amid the proliferation of cloned projects without innovation. One can characterize Amadeo Brands as more than just a figure in the background. He is actively shaping the narrative and direction of DeFi’s development. Whether he is a constructor, writer, instructor, or commentator, to make the DeFi ecosystem more clear and functional. Staying Power in a Fast-Moving Industry What makes Amadeo’s story interesting is not just because he successfully built a project or became one of the brains behind the tokenomics of a popular altcoin . What’s more interesting is his consistency. Amid the huge wave of people coming and going from the crypto industry, he remains there — thriving, but not disappearing. Perhaps that’s what keeps his name mentioned, even as many other names start to fade. He doesn’t sell empty dreams but offers a real, functional framework. If DeFi is a world of risks and opportunities, then Amadeo is someone who doesn’t just go with the flow — he chooses to build bridges for others to cross, too.
Black Friday for Longs? $253 Million Wiped Out in 24 Hours over Binance News
Regulatory actions deepen market fear as long liquidations exceed $253M in 24 hours. Bitcoin dominance climbs to 57.99% as investors retreat to established crypto assets. Small-cap tokens surge despite market turmoil, with $TUT leading gains at 131%. The cryptocurrency market saw a sharp downturn in the last 24 hours. News that the Nigerian government charged major exchange Binance, alleging it facilitated money laundering, appeared to trigger the move. This development sparked evident fear among traders, leading to significant selloffs, increased volatility, and over $253 million in liquidated long positions across derivatives markets within that 24-hour period. How Did the Market React? BTC Dominance Rises, Fear Returns Several top tokens, including KAITO, EIGEN, IP, and the TRUMP meme coin, dropped more than 10% following the news, contributing to the broader market decline. Reflecting this shift towards risk-off sentiment, the total crypto market capitalization fell towards $2.95 trillion. Bitcoin dominance, meanwhile, climbed to nearly 58% as investors seemingly sought relative safety in Bitcoin amid the volatile conditions. The market’s cautious mood was also captured by the Crypto Fear Greed Index, which rested at 44, indicating “Fear” as the prevailing emotion among participants. Related: Token Unlocks Alert: NEON, ADA, ENA, EIGEN, HFT, MAVIA Incoming Other Market Developments Unfold During Volatility Even during this market turbulence, other unrelated developments continued across the crypto landscape. Blockchain project Sei Network is reportedly exploring a potential acquisition of consumer genomics firm 23andMe, potentially signaling novel diversification strategies within the industry. Separately, Tether’s CEO alluded to the possibility of launching a US dollar stablecoin specifically for domestic use, a move that could intensify competition within the stablecoin market. On a positive regulatory note, the SEC concluded its investigation into Crypto.com without pressing charges, providing some relief. These disparate events highlight the crypto market’s constantly dynamic nature. Related: SAND, MANA, KAIA, and EIGEN Shine as Top Low-Cap Altcoins to Watch in 2024 Which Large-Cap Tokens Felt the Pressure? The regulatory news involving Binance sent negative ripples across several higher-profile altcoins. KAITO dropped 12.40% over 24 hours, trading around $1.13 and extending its weekly loss past 18%. Its market cap subsequently fell to $273 million. Eigenlayer (EIGEN) saw a similar decline, down 11.11% to $1.05 , bringing its market cap to $257 million. Story (IP) slid nearly 9% to $5.28 , despite maintaining a larger market cap exceeding $1.35 billion. The TRUMP token also dropped 8.86% to $10.50 , marking its worst recent daily performance, though its market cap held above $2 billion. Small Caps Buck the Trend: TUT, VIDT, AL Post Gains Despite the broad selloff hitting larger tokens, a handful of small-cap assets managed strong positive gains during the same period. Tutellus ($TUT) surged 131% to $0.0137 , albeit with low trading volume. VIDT DAO ($VIDT) rose 44.5% to $0.0194 , driven by bullish investor sentiment and strong volume near $37 million.ArchLoot ($AL) gained 25.9%, now trading at $0.1231 , while Layer3 ($L3) soared 20.1% to $0.128. CARV ($CARV) also saw solid movement, climbing 18.6% to reach $0.4669 . These gains indicate continued investor interest in low-cap opportunities even during market instability. Disclaimer: The information presented in this article is for informational and educational purposes only. The article does not constitute financial advice or advice of any kind. Coin Edition is not responsible for any losses incurred as a result of the utilization of content, products, or services mentioned. Readers are advised to exercise caution before taking any action related to the company.
VCs Find New Marketing Angle for "VC Coin"
Recently, the well-known blockchain venture capital firm HackVC announced the opening of a community investment group on Echo. As one of the first regulated major U.S. crypto fund management companies to participate in Echo's "community round," they hope to take this opportunity to make HackVC a truly community-driven VC. With the Crypto market gradually losing trust in VCs, VCs also seem to be seeking transformation, hoping to get closer to the market. HackVC's founder Alexander Pack made his first cryptocurrency investment at the age of 22 at a fintech VC firm in Hong Kong. At that time, the cryptocurrency market was still in its early stages, but Pack believed it would be a future trend. He later returned to the U.S. to join Bain Capital, helping them invest in crypto. In 2018, Alexander ventured out on his own, co-founding the cryptocurrency venture fund Dragonfly Capital with Bo Feng and serving as its first managing partner. The firm has since become one of the largest crypto funds in Asia. In 2020, Alexander left Dragonfly Capital and founded HackVC. Just from the name, it is clear that HackVC's investment focus heavily on technology. In Pack's own words, HackVC is a group of hackers investing in another group of hackers. Managing Partner Ed Roman initiated the well-known hackathon event "hack.summit()," while Research Partners Christopher Maree and Sean Brown come from the UMA oracle team. The former was a member of the Ethereum Foundation Devcon V Scholar, and the latter served as an IBM Blockchain Senior Consultant. It can be said that HackVC's investment preference to some extent focuses on the technical feasibility and scalability of the projects they invest in. This has also enabled HackVC to achieve quite a good performance in this round of investments, having early investments in quality projects such as Berachain, EigenLayer, Morpho, Grass, and Soon. Related Reading: "Everyone's Criticizing VC Coins, Let's See How VCs Are Performing This Round" Rediscovering the Original Intention: The "Echo Model" However, with the emergence of Agency Research and KOL Round in the investment ecosystem, the financing cycle has become shorter, and the participation in projects has become more profound, leading to a higher success rate in investment models. It seems that VCs also need to find a more excellent investment logic and model. Furthermore, the conversation between Pack and Echo's founder Cobie highlighted the purpose of Echo. Cobie believes that the current cryptocurrency community's aversion to venture capitalists "VCs" is actually an aversion to unfair games. When individuals are able to invest at an early stage, projects invested in by high-signal VC firms usually have higher demand. Cobie believes that there may be a VC model that is community-friendly, which will strengthen its investment through a community round or community access. When community alignment can indeed help blockchain projects succeed, VCs will enable the community to positively select from good founders aligned with the community. This undoubtedly resonates with Pack's ideology, as he stated on Twitter that he entered the cryptocurrency field 11 years ago because he believed that cryptocurrency could democratize the channels of tech investment. In the early stages of his career, he participated in the crowdfunding platform AngelList and became their first analyst, helping AngelList legalize crowdfunding through the CROWDFUND Act in 2012. However, it did not meet Pack's expectations, as regulatory complexities hindered progress along with the fact that most Web2 founders and venture capitalists did not see the value in bringing their "community" into the funding rounds. On the other hand, Echo's model is indeed different from traditional ICO platforms. Echo was founded by crypto KOL Cobie "@echodotxyz" in March 2024. Cobie was formerly the growth lead at Lido and hosted the popular Web3 podcast UpOnly. Echo's core revolves around the "Lead Investment Recommendation Mechanism," where users can act as lead investors to create investment communities, share projects with members, and earn a share of the returns. Compared to the established ICO platform CoinList's model, where investors directly support projects to facilitate rapid fundraising, and investors receive token rights, Echo's business model focuses on facilitating the "token economy" through community capital formation. It allows native on-chain users to collectively invest in startups. The process involves lead investors creating investment groups, and group members can choose to follow the investment, with the investment flowing indirectly to the company through an intermediary investment tool. The investment not only involves token rights but may also include company equity. In simple terms, CoinList invests in the tokens of the company/project, while Echo directly invests in the company through intermediaries. Since its launch, over 30 crypto projects have raised funds through Echo, including Ethena, Morph, Usual, Hyperlane, Dawn, Monad, Initia, MegaETH, and other well-known crypto projects. A total of $1 billion was raised within a year, with MegaETH completing two $10 million fundraisings through the Echo platform in December 2024. The first raise of $4.2 million was completed in 56 seconds, and the second raise of $5.8 million was completed in 75 seconds. This model is similar to the "Investor Syndicate" of crypto investors, which tends to choose high-potential projects recognized by a small circle. Figures like The Block's CEO Larry Cermak and Aave founder Marc Zeller have created their own Echo communities. To join, users must first answer some questions and undergo identity KYC verification. Additionally, some communities have specific criteria for certain investment opportunities. Currently, 58 community leaders have created communities on Echo. In this community-driven model, investment is managed through smart contracts to ensure that lead investors do not have access to user funds. Users can decide when to sell tokens. If a lead investor's investment is successful, they receive a percentage of the profits from co-investors, incentivizing high-quality project sharing. While the elite-oriented nature makes its user base relatively niche, this screening mechanism ensures project quality, attracting investors who value trust. In a statement, Coinbase's VP of Corporate Development Shan Aggarwal and Base founder Jesse Pollak said, "On-chain investing allows eligible investors to participate in ways previously impossible, while enabling founders to access a broader, more vibrant capital base. We are excited to expand Base's capital channels for builders, allowing more people to participate in the next wave of innovation." Some industry experts suggest that the more lenient regulatory environment in the United States may lead to a resurgence of public sales. Another hot ICO platform at the moment, Legion, co-founder Matt O'Connor, stated, "Once ICOs regain vitality, they may shift focus away from the memecoin craze." Currently, there are fewer products being genuinely developed, with wealth increasingly accumulating behind the scenes. HackVC's Initial Venture with the Community Hack VC has launched the Echo group, deciding to open up core project resources to screened high-quality community members through a private access mechanism, while also implementing a first-year zero performance fee policy. In addition, invested companies are required to set a community fundraising round and implement a "Community Priority Protection" principle in the valuation system, meaning that if it is the first investment, the community round valuation must be lower than the concurrent institutional round; if not the first, it must be lower than the latest VC entry valuation, ensuring a price advantage for the community through structural design. Although there are still many concerns in the community about this model not having a "governance token" or being a "Dao," regardless of the outcome of Hack VC's attempt this time, it has set a precedent for the future collaboration between VCs and communities. The evolutionary history of cryptocurrency fundraising models is a process of continuous innovation in community coordination mechanisms, from the Bitcoin PoW mechanism opening the era of fair mining, to Ethereum's $18 million crowdfunding in 2014 pioneering on-chain fundraising, to the ICO boom in 2017, community-driven approaches have always been at the core. Then, the ICO era explored two paths, with centralized platforms like CoinList successfully operating projects like Solana but facing scalability limits, while on-chain airdrops and yield farming, although reducing barriers to entry, faced challenges of user commitment. Today, against the backdrop of mature compliance frameworks and on-chain infrastructure, Echo is restructuring the crowdfunding process through a non-custodial Syndicate model, and Legion is introducing an on-chain reputation system to optimize investor screening, marking the next stage in community fundraising. It inherits the open genes of ICOs, balances efficiency and fairness through technological means, and a new golden age of compliance and precision operation may be on the horizon.
OpenZK and EigenLayer have reached a collaboration, further enhancing the efficiency of pledged user funds
According to official news, OpenZK is designing a bridge to EigenLayer's re-pledging function, allowing users to implement one-click pledging and re-pledging of ETH on its L2, simplifying the process and maximizing asset utilization. It is reported that OpenZK expects the upcoming launch of this re-pledge product will increase its network traffic and prepare for large-scale DeFi applications.
A certain whale sold 780,132 EIGEN at a loss of 2 million dollars in the past two days
According to Spot On Chain monitoring, a certain whale sold EIGEN at a loss of 2 million USD in the past two days. From October 8 to 18, 2024, the whale "0xce0" spent 1,198 ETH (approximately 2.9 million USD) to purchase 772,450 EIGEN at an average price of $3.76 per unit. After a price drop of 68% over the past five and half months, this whale sold off its holdings of EIGEN - totaling up to about780132 units (919000 USD) - for WBTC and $ETH in the last two days at an average price of $1.178 per unit; thus suffering a loss of approximately $2.01 million.
Haun Ventures plans to raise $1 billion for two new cryptocurrency funds
Venture capital firm Haun Ventures plans to raise a total of $1 billion for its two new cryptocurrency funds. One fund will focus on early-stage project investments, while the other will target mature crypto businesses. Haun Ventures was established in 2022 by former a16z partner Katie Haun, who has invested in crypto projects such as EigenLayer and Zora.
On-chain Activity Collapse: Is Ethereum In Danger?
Until today, the price of Ethereum remains locked below the $2,000 mark. It fluctuates between $1,810 and $1,960. According to several crypto analysts, this level of resistance seems insurmountable in the short term due to several converging factors. All the details in the following paragraphs! Ethereum’s on-chain activity collapses: a bad signal for ETH crypto Many expert analysts in cryptography agree on this point: the current dynamics of Ethereum resemble previous decline cycles. This indeed marks the 17th consecutive day of capital exits, the longest negative sequence since 2015. According to the data , the Ethereum crypto network is experiencing a sharp slowdown: The trading volume on DEX has dropped by 30% over a week. It reached $16.8 billion; Ethereum’s TVL has lost 9.3% this month. It stands at $46.37 billion, which is 47% less than in January. Some key crypto blockchain protocols are also showing a sharp decline: Maverick Protocol: -85%; Dodo: -45%; Lido: -30%; EigenLayer: -30%. This reduction in Ethereum on-chain activity shows a gradual disinterest from users, but not only that! It also limits ETH’s ability to regain a bullish momentum. Investor flight: Ethereum ETFs in crisis The Ethereum ETFs are also experiencing a worrying financial hemorrhage. Over the past 7 days, these digital assets have indeed suffered cumulative outflows of $265.4 million. Outflows from Ethereum spot ETFs: $265.4 million; Outflows from other Ethereum products: $176 million; Total outflows of Ethereum ETP since early March: $265 million (the worst level ever recorded) This capital outflow reflects an increased risk aversion among investors. This is likely related to: The persistent volatility of the crypto market; Macroeconomic uncertainties. ETHUSD chart by TradingView Bearish flag Ethereum: towards a drop to $1,530? The technical analysis of the ETH price highlights the formation of a bearish flag. This pattern is characterized by a temporary upward channel in a downtrend. Specifically, it suggests a possible break below $1,880. Crypto experts are considering two scenarios: Bearish scenario: If the $1,880 support is breached, ETH could drop to $1,530. This represents a decline of 20% from its current price. Bullish scenario: To avoid this drop , ETH needs to break the resistance at $1,970. This threshold coincides with the 50-day moving average. With a RSI of 48, it confirms a neutral to bearish trend. This indicates that sellers are in control. Is Ethereum at the end of a bearish cycle or on the verge of a new correction? The market evolution this week will provide crucial answers, particularly in light of this catastrophic scenario that worries experts .
Ethereum onchain data suggests $2K ETH price is out of reach for now
Ether’s ( ETH ) price has been consolidating within a roughly $130 range over the last seven days as $2,000 remains strong overhead resistance. Data from Cointelegraph Markets Pro and Bitstamp shows that ETH price oscillates within a tight range between $1,810 and $1,960. ETH/USD daily chart. Source: Cointelegraph/ TradingView Ether price remains pinned below $2,000 for several reasons, including declining Ethereum’s weak network activity and decreasing TVL, negative spot Ethereum ETF flows, and weak technicals. Negative spot Ethereum ETF outflows The underperformance in Ether’s price can be attributed to investors’ risk-off behavior, which is visible across the spot Ethereum exchange-traded funds (ETFs). ETH outflows from these investment products have persisted for more than two weeks. US-based spot Ether ETFs have recorded a streak of outflows for the last seven days, totaling $265.4 million, as per data from SoSoValue. Ether ETF flow chart. Source: SoSoValue At the same time, other Ethereum investment products saw outflows totaling $176 million . This brings month-to-date outflows out of Ether ETPs to $265 million, in what CoinShares’s head of research, James Butterfill, described as the “worst on record.” He noted: “This also marks the 17th straight day of outflows, the longest negative streak since our records began in 2015.” Weak onchain activity hurts ETH price To understand the key drivers behind Ether’s weakness, it is essential to analyze Ethereum’s onchain metrics. The Ethereum network maintained its leadership based on the 7-day decentralized exchange (DEX) volume. However, the metric has been declining over the last few weeks, dropping by approximately 30% in the last seven days to reach $16.8 billion on March 17. Ethereum: 7-day DEX volumes, USD. Source: DefiLlama Key weaknesses for Ethereum included an 85% drop in activity on Maverick Protocol and a 45% decline in Dodo’s volumes. Similarly, Ethereum’s total value locked (TVL) decreased 9.3% month-to-date, down 47% from its January high of $77 billion to $46.37 billion on March 11. Ethereum: total value locked. Source: DefiLlama Lido was among the weakest performers in Ethereum deposits, with TVL dropping 30% over 30 days. Other notable declines included EigenLayer (-30%), Ether.fi (-29%), and Maker (-28%). Ether’s bear flag target is at $1,530 Meanwhile, Ether’s technicals show a potential bear flag on the four-hour chart, which hints at more downside in the coming days or weeks. Related: ETH may bottom at $1.6K, SEC delays multiple crypto ETFs, and more: Hodler’s Digest, March 9 – 15 A bear flag is a downward continuation pattern characterized by a small, upward-sloping channel formed by parallel lines against the prevailing downtrend. It gets resolved when the price decisively breaks below its lower trendline and falls by as much as the prevailing downtrend’s height. ETH bulls are counting on support from the flag’s lower boundary at $1,880. A daily candlestick close below this level would signal a bearish breakout from the chart formation, projecting a decline to $1,530. Such a move would represent a 20% descent from the current price. ETH/USD daily chart. Source: Cointelegraph/ TradingView The relative strength index is positioned in the negative region at 48, suggesting that the market conditions still favor the downside. The bulls will attempt a daily candlestick close above the flag’s middle boundary at $1,930 (embraced by the 50 SMA) to defend the support at $1,880. They must push the price above the flag’s upper limit of $1,970 to invalidate the bear flag chart pattern. This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.
Ether’s Price Faces Continued Pressure Amid Weak Network Activity and ETF Outflows, Potential Drop to $1,530 Emerges
The ongoing decline in Ethereum (ETH) price is underscored by diminishing network performance and a notable drop in total value locked (TVL), suggesting potential further downturns. Furthermore, the recent trend in the market has seen a significant risk-averse sentiment, particularly reflected in the ongoing outflows from Ether-based exchange-traded funds (ETFs). According to CoinShares, these sustained outflows have set a record, highlighting a notable lack of investor confidence in the current market environment. ETH continues to struggle with price declines amid weak network activity and ETF outflows, signaling potential bearish trends in the near future. Ethereum’s Price Pressured by Market Sentiment and Declining Activity The Ethereum market is facing significant pressure as ETH prices oscillate within a tight range of approximately $130 over the past week. Despite efforts from bulls, the price remains capped below the critical resistance level of $2,000 due to compounded negative influences. Recent metrics indicate that ETH is trading between $1,810 and $1,960, providing insight into the investor sentiment that currently prevails. Data from Cointelegraph Markets Pro paints a picture of a market grappling with a cautious approach as a result of declining Ethereum network activity coupled with diminishing TVL. Spot ETF Outflows Weigh on Ether’s Demand The persistent outflows in spot Ethereum ETFs have emerged as a primary factor contributing to the declining price of Ether. Over the last week, US-based Ether ETFs have experienced over $265.4 million in outflows, marking a troubling trend that illustrates investors’ risk aversion. According to SoSoValue, this trend of outflows from Ether-related products has been ongoing for more than two weeks. Moreover, other investment products tied to Ethereum also experienced outflows totaling around $176 million, escalating the overall outflows for the month to $265 million. CoinShares’ head of research, James Butterfill, stated, “This also marks the 17th straight day of outflows, the longest negative streak since our records began in 2015.” This data underscores the need for investors to reassess their positions amid prevailing market uncertainties. Weak Onchain Metrics Highlight Ethereum’s Struggles A thorough examination of Ethereum’s onchain metrics reveals key weaknesses impacting its performance in the market. Despite retaining the top position in decentralized exchange (DEX) volume, Ethereum has witnessed a substantial decline, with volumes decreasing approximately 30% over the last week, settling at $16.8 billion. Notably, specific protocols within the Ethereum network have exhibited significant drops in activity; for instance, the Maverick Protocol saw an 85% reduction, while Dodo’s volume decreased by 45%. Additionally, Ethereum’s total value locked (TVL) has faced a decline of 9.3% month-to-date, dropping dramatically from its January peak of $77 billion to just $46.37 billion as of mid-March. Furthermore, several services such as Lido and EigenLayer reported substantial declines, with TVL shrinking by 30% and 30%, respectively. These trends highlight a broader issue affecting investor confidence in Ethereum. Technical Indicators Suggest Potential Declines Ahead Technical analysis reveals that Ether may be forming a bear flag on its four-hour chart. This pattern is typically indicative of further price movements to the downside. A bear flag is recognized by a brief upward channel occurring within a prevailing downtrend and is generally resolved when prices breach the lower boundary and descend further. For ETH bulls, maintaining support at the flag’s lower boundary of $1,880 will be crucial. A daily close below this level could signal a breakdown, projecting a potential slide to $1,530, a drop that would be approximately 20% lower than current trading levels. The relative strength index (RSI) currently positioned at 48 reflects bearish conditions, maintaining pressure on the price movement. Bulls will need to secure a daily close above the resistance at $1,930, which coincides with the 50-day simple moving average (SMA). Successfully surpassing the upper limit of the flag at $1,970 could potentially invalidate the bearish pattern and provide some relief for the struggling asset. Conclusion In concluding the current state of Ethereum, it is evident that the asset faces multifaceted challenges, including adverse market sentiment and weakening network fundamentals. With ETF outflows and declining onchain metrics dominating the landscape, ETH’s price movements will largely depend on how investors respond to prevailing technical signals. Current analysis suggests cautious navigation in the market, as traders might be bracing for more significant shifts in the coming days. In Case You Missed It: Potential Opportunities for Early Adopters in Chaos Labs Airdrop and Other Crypto Projects
Unlocking Encryption for Consumer-grade Applications, How Does zkTLS Enable On-chain "Visa"?
Original Title: zkTLS: Unlocking Crypto Consumer Apps Original Author: @yeak__, @Delphi_Digital Researcher Original Translation: zhouzhou, BlockBeats Editor's Note: TLSNotary verifies communication between the client and server, allowing selective data disclosure while ensuring privacy. Pluto introduces TLSNotary to smart contracts, Primus Labs enhances efficiency and develops zkFHE scheme, Opacity prevents collusion through Eigenlayer AVS and TEE, enhancing security. Opacity requires Web2 account verification, reducing Sybil attack risk, and adopts a verifiable log mechanism. Future optimization directions include vector blinding linear assessment to improve MPC efficiency for faster TLS proofs. HTTPS proxies act as intermediaries to enhance security and privacy protection, commonly used for enterprise traffic monitoring. The following is the original content (slightly rephrased for better readability): The encryption industry has always possessed a mindset, talent, and funding to change the world, but often lacks the means to achieve this goal. Currently, most real-world encryption success cases still rely on the support of Web2 giants. We can only hope that Visa and Mastercard continue to support crypto cards, Coinbase, PayPal, and Stripe keep optimizing the compatibility between traditional payment systems and blockchain, BlackRock continues to promote tokenization of government bonds, and Walmart keeps selling Pudgy Penguins. Today, we have a powerful new tool that allows encryption industry builders to truly drive change. The traditional markets are rife with inefficiencies and limitations, while the encryption industry is in an unprecedentedly advantageous position to offer alternative solutions. zkTLS (also known as TLS Oracle or Web Proof) enables private data to be extracted from the Web2 closed ecosystem, allowing users to prove various data types such as legal identity, financial records, educational background, and behavioral patterns in a completely privacy-preserving manner. Here is a brief overview of how it works. TLS (Transport Layer Security protocol) is a protocol used to encrypt communication between clients and servers. TLS makes up the "S" in HTTPS (HTTPS = HTTP + TLS) and has become a network standard, protecting 95% of network traffic. TLS is a trusted centralized authority responsible for issuing session keys. When a user accesses a website, the browser and the target server perform a TLS handshake to generate a session key for subsequent data transmission using symmetric encryption. However, the data exchanged between the client and server is not signed, making it impossible to prove its authenticity elsewhere. Security provided by TLS: · Authenticity · Integrity · Privacy · Lack of data portability zkTLS accomplishes identity verification between the client and server during an HTTPS session and brings privacy-preserving proofs onto the chain, addressing the issue of data portability. Importantly, this is often undetectable by the server and cannot be blocked by a firewall. With zkTLS, the entire Internet's database can become a composable building block for blockchain applications, a task that Web2 is almost powerless to achieve. Various implementations of zkTLS: MPC (Multi-Party Computation), Proxy, TEE (Trusted Execution Environment) MPC (Multi-Party Computation) MPC allows multiple participants to jointly perform a computation without revealing their private inputs. MPC provides strong security guarantees but incurs high computational costs and suffers from a collusion problem. Deco In 2019, Deco first proposed an MPC-based TLS solution. Deco's maliciously secure two-party computation (2PC) approach has extensive compute overhead; for example, authenticating a 2KB data packet requires 475MB of communication and takes 50 seconds to complete. The solution is highly susceptible to timing out and has not been successfully deployed. Subsequently, Deco was acquired by Chainlink, who, along with Teller, developed a proof-of-concept solution. TLSNotary TLSNotary built upon Deco's work, utilizing a 2PC implementation based on garbled circuits and oblivious transfers. Garbled circuits are the simplest and most direct method in MPC. TLS Notary "notarizes" the session between the client and server to prove its authenticity. During the TLS handshake, the prover and verifier collaborate to perform key encryption and decryption. Throughout the process, only the prover communicates with the server, while the verifier only sees encrypted data. The prover cannot forge inputs or responses. In the final stage, the prover can partially obscure the session record before presenting it to the verifier, for example, only proving to the verifier that it is located in a specific jurisdiction while concealing specific latitude and longitude information. A validator can act as a notary, or outsource the validation role to generate more generic, portable proofs. This introduces an additional trust assumption that the validator must trust the notary not to collude with the prover to produce fake proofs. To mitigate this issue, a validator can request proofs from multiple notaries or define their own trusted notary list. However, these schemes still have various flaws, and the collusion problem remains one of the main challenges of MPC. The advantage of TLSNotary is that it can maintain data portability, protect privacy, and does not rely on server cooperation. It achieves selectively disclosed authenticated data through circuit obfuscation and key splitting techniques but does not use ZKP. Currently, several projects have introduced zero-knowledge technology based on TLSNotary to make it easier to integrate. Related Projects Pluto Pluto Labs is an open-source zero-knowledge TLSNotary implementation aimed at productizing it, allowing developers to integrate any off-chain data into smart contracts with just five lines of code. A detailed overview of its trust assumptions can be found in the related links. Primus Labs (formerly PADO Labs) Primus Labs has enhanced Deco using a garble-then-prove technique, replacing the high-cost malicious secure 2PC. It has achieved a 14x improvement in communication efficiency and up to a 15.5x improvement in execution time, successfully integrated into real-world APIs such as Coinbase and Twitter. Additionally, Primus is developing a zkFHE solution that may support more complex architectures in the future. Primus has also released a browser extension and plans to launch iOS/Android apps. Opacity Opacity addresses the collusion problem through a set of mechanisms and employs Eigenlayer AVS to provide economic security, overlaying multiple security measures: · Sybil resistance based on on-chain Web2 account IDs · Commit-and-reveal mechanism—users must submit a value before a randomly selected notary node · Random selection of MPC nodes · Verifiable attempt logs Opacity restricts users from colluding using multiple wallets, with each wallet tied to a Web2 account. Additionally, users must submit a proof request before being randomly matched with a notary node, preventing them from changing their position if they attempt collusion without being matched to a colluding node. The verifiable attempt logs can be used to track suspicious proof submissions where a wallet attempts but fails to prove ownership of, for example, $10 million in bank deposits. In addition, Opacity requires the attestation software to run in a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) to ensure that unless the TEE is compromised, collusion is not possible. This is crucial because Opacity does not rely entirely on the TEE as a security guarantee. To forge a proof within the Opacity framework, all of the following conditions must be met: · User intentionally colludes · At least one attestation node participates in collusion · The attestation node runs on a compromised TEE · The user randomly matches a collusion node within 1-3 attempts · Verifiers can request proof regeneration multiple times, exponentially reducing the probability of the fourth condition · Additionally, malicious behavior will face a penalty mechanism The resistance to Sybil attacks in Opacity remains the weakest link. It can prevent one Web2 account from binding to multiple wallets but cannot prevent one person from creating multiple Web2 accounts. In fact, Opacity effectively outsources Sybil attack protection to Web2 platforms, with some platforms being more reliable than others (e.g., Rippling HR's identity authentication is more trustworthy than a Twitter account). In the future, Opacity may integrate multiple Web2 accounts to enhance security. Opacity is developing the best practices implementation of zkTLS, making significant progress in decentralization and reducing trust assumptions. Its ability to overcome MPC computation overhead will be a key factor in future success. In the future, there is still ample room for MPC performance optimization. For example, Vector Oblivious Linear Evaluation can achieve efficient 1-of-N Oblivious Transfer, leading to significant progress in each interaction. This can reduce network overhead by 100 times, making MPC-TLS proofs within 1 second feasible. Proxy An HTTPS proxy is an intermediary between a client and a server, responsible for forwarding encrypted traffic and only decrypting data when verifying user identity. Proxies can enhance security, performance, and privacy, particularly common in enterprise environments for monitoring and restricting employee access. Proxies can also be used for zkTLS. This model inserts a proxy witness between the client and server to prove the legitimacy of communication. The proxy model is fast, cost-effective, and simple in structure, capable of handling large amounts of data. However, issues such as auditing, collusion, and decentralization persist. Additionally, this method can be detected by servers, potentially leading to blocking in widespread applications. Reclaim Protocol The Reclaim Protocol is the pioneer of the proxy model, leading the way in all zkTLS projects. Reclaim has broad support across almost all blockchains and boasts 889 community-built oracles. Several projects are built on Reclaim, including the zkP2P ticketing marketplace. Reclaim is able to generate proofs on a user's mobile device in approximately 2–4 seconds without requiring users to download any apps or extensions. Reclaim employs a residential proxy to circumvent Web2 firewall issues. Compared to MPC-TLS, Reclaim's proxy model is simpler, resulting in faster speeds. Many concerns about the proxy model have been addressed in the academic paper "Proxying is Enough" and Reclaim's blog. Studies show that the probability of breaking Reclaim's security is 10⁻⁴⁰. zkPass zkPass utilizes a hybrid model, originally based on an MPC approach but later transitioning to a proxy-witness model in production while keeping MPC as a fallback. zkPass is currently deployed on networks such as Base, BNB, Scroll, Linea, Arbitrum, zkSync, OP, X Layer, among others. zkPass uses its native TransGate Chrome extension and supports over 70 data sources and 200 data formats. zkPass focuses primarily on identity verification and protection against Sybil attacks. The project is currently running incentive programs where users can complete challenges to earn ZKP token points. zkPass may become the first zkTLS project to introduce a liquidity token. TEE Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) is a tamper-resistant enclave in a processor that can store sensitive data and perform secure computations. TEE provides both hardware and software isolation, with dedicated memory and computational capabilities independent of the rest of the CPU. Intel SGX is currently the most well-known TEE solution. However, TEE has had vulnerabilities in the past and is susceptible to side-channel attacks. Clique Clique adopts a TEE-based approach to build zkTLS. This method offers very low computation and network overhead, addressing many issues but introducing a reliance on trusted hardware, shifting risks from notaries to chip manufacturers. In this model, TEE fully takes on the security guarantee responsibilities. Summary It is worth noting that zkTLS is just a generic term. Different zkTLS schemes vary in the degree of application of zero-knowledge technology and do not provide the same level of security guarantees as other zero-knowledge technologies like zkEmail. Strictly speaking, zkTLS may be better classified under MPC-TLS (+zkp), TEE-TLS, and zkTLS Proxy. In the future, discussions in the zkTLS field will revolve around the trade-off between performance and security. Proxy: This is a more general solution but requires additional trust assumptions, demands that clients can afford a zero-knowledge (ZK) solution, and also requires additional measures to bypass firewalls. Multi-Party Computation (MPC): This model provides strong security guarantees but entails significant network communication overhead during MPC setup. Due to the high cost of the truth table, MPC methods are more suitable for small request/response interactions and TLS sessions without strict time limits. MPC has anti-censorship properties but faces collusion issues. Trusted Execution Environment (TEE): The TEE model cleverly addresses most of the issues zkTLS faces, but at the cost of requiring full trust in TEE hardware. Currently, Reclaim and Opacity are rapidly gaining momentum and seem to be leading the discussions in the zkTLS field. As zkTLS evolves, the trade-off between MPC and proxy models in terms of performance and security will remain a core topic. Conclusion zkTLS is an emerging narrative that is changing everything. However, many unresolved issues remain: Will zkTLS providers be commodified? Will the value capture flow to the application layer? How significant is the extractable value of forged proofs? How will these issues impact the discussions on zkTLS scheme trade-offs? One thing is clear: zkTLS has greatly expanded the design space of decentralized applications and provided new ideas for building new systems. Today, many innovative ideas are already being implemented: · Ticketing Marketplace – zkP2P (based on Reclaim) · Web2 Reputation Import (Uber, DoorDash authentication) – Nosh Delivery (based on Opacity) ·KOL Marketing/Promotion Proof – Daisy (based on Opacity) ·Smart Predictions Market – TMR.NEWS (based on Reclaim) ·Low Collateral Loans through Payroll Earn – Earnifi (based on Opacity) ·Precision Targeting with Digital Ad Incentives – EarnOS (based on Opacity) ·Soft Collateral Loans – 3Jane (based on Reclaim) zkTLS has disrupted the existing market landscape of Web2 by weakening data monopolies. All current inefficient markets are opportunities for cryptographic technology to penetrate and improve society. 「Original Article Link」
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